Enfermedad de parkinson: tratamiento con levodopa y otras alternativas (página 2)

Hornykiewicz OD. Physiologic, biochemical, and
pathological backgrounds of levodopa and possibilities for the
future. Neurology 1970; 20: 1-5

Hyman S, Chisholm D, Kessler R, Patel V, Whiteford
HA.Mental disorders in disease control priorities in developing
countries. In Jamison DT, Breman JG, Measham AR, Alleyne G,
Claeson M, Evans DB, eds. Disease control priorities in
developing countries. Washington DC: World Bank; 2006. p.
605-25.

Janus C., Pearson J., McLaurin J.A., Mathews P.M., Juang
Y., Schmidt S.D., Chishti M.A., Horne P., Heslin D., French J.,
Mount H.T.J., Nixon R.A., Mercken M., Bergeron C., Fraser P.E.,
St George-Hyslop P., Westaway D. Aß peptide
immunization reduces behavioural impair -ment and plaques in a
model of Alzheimer"s disease. Nature, 2000;
408:979-982.

Jellinger KA. Synuclein deposition and non-motor
symptoms in Parkinson disease. J Neurol Sci 2011; 310:
107-11.

Juncos JL. Levodopa: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and
pharmacodynamics. Neurol Clin 1992; 10:
487-509.

Juri CC, Chaná PC. Levodopa en la Enfermedad de
Parkinson. ¿qué hemos aprendido? Rev Méd
Chile 2006; 134: 893-901

Leentjens AF, Marinus J, Van Hilten JJ, Lousberg R,
Verhey FR. The contribution of somatic symptoms to the
diagnosisof depressive disorder in Parkinson"s disease: a
discriminant analytic approach. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci
2003; 15: 74-7.

Lucking CB, Durr A, Bonifati V. Association between
early-onset Parkinson´s disease and mutations in the
parquin gene. French Parkinson´s Disease Genetics Study
group. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1560-1567.

Luquin, M. R., García-ruiz, P. J., Martí,
M. J., Rojo, A., Vela, L., Grandas, F. J., Santos-garcía,
D. (2012). Levodopa en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de
Parkinson?: mitos y realidades, 55(11),
669–688.

Malaspina D, Corcoran C, Schobel S, Hamilton SP.
Epidemiological and genetic aspects of neuropsychiatric
disorders. En: Yudofsky SC, Hales RE (eds). The American
psychiatric publishing textbook of neuropsychiatry and behavioral
sciences. Quinta edición. Arlington: APPI;
2008.

Marsh L, Margolis RL. Neuropsychiatric aspects of
movement disorders. En: Kaplan, Sadock"s (eds.). Comprehensive
textbook of psychiatry. Philadelphia: Lippincott Willimas &
Wilkins; 2009; pp.481-493.

Mercuri N. B., Bernardi G. The "magic" of L-dopa: why is
it the gold standard Parkinson"s disease therapy? Trends
Pharmacol Sci 2005; 26: 341-4.

Mizutani Y, Okada Y, Ogawa M, Hasegawa T, Nabeshima T.
Pharmacokinetic model of oral levodopa and role of carbidopa in
parkinsonian patients. Biol Pharm Bull 1995;
18: 1729-37. 

National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions.
Parkinson"s disease: national clinical guideline for diagnosis
and management in primary and secondary care. London: Royal
College of Physicians, 2006.

Obeso JA, Rodríguez-Oroz MC, Zamarbide I.
Capítulo 6: Enfermedad de Parkinson. Perspectivas. En:
Segovia JM, Mora F, Enfermedades neurodegenerativas.
Madrid, Farmaindustria, 2002. p. 71-83

Organización mundial de la salud. Informe sobre
la situación mundial de las enfermedades no transmisibles
2010. Resumen de orientación. Ginebra, Suiza
2010.

Orimo S, Uchihara T, Nakamura A, Mori F, Kakita A,
Wakabayashi K, et al. Axonal alpha-synuclein aggregates herald
centripetal degeneration of cardiac sympathetic nerve in
Parkinson"s disease. Brain 2008; 131: 642-50.

Parkinson, J., & Parkinson, D. E. L. A. E. D. E.
(1871). Capitulo 5 farmacología de las drogas
antiparkinsonianas, 59–73.

Parkinson J. An essay on the shaking palsy. J
Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2002;14:223-236.

Pavese N, Metta V, Bose SK, Chaudhuri KR, Brooks DJ.
Fatigue in Parkinson"s disease is linked to striatal and limbic
serotonergic dysfunction. Brain 2010; 133: 3434-43

Pfeiffer RF. Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson"s
disease.Lancet Neurol 2003; 2: 107-16.

Poewe W. Clinical measures of progression in Parkinson"s
disease. Mov Disord 2009; 24 (Suppl 2): S671-6.

Pollock M, Hornabrook RW. The prevalence, natural
history and dementia of Parkinson"s disease. Brain 1966; 89:
429-48.

Pradilla A, Vesga A, León S, y grupo GENECO.
Estudio neuroepidemiológico nacional

(EPINEURO) colombiano. Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J
Public Health 14(2), 2003.

Reijnders JS, Ehrt U, Weber WE, Aarsland D, Leentjens
AF. A systematic review of prevalence studies of depression in
Parkinson"s disease. Mov Disord 2008; 23: 183-9; quiz
313.

Sandoval LI, Jiménez F, Soto J et al. Resultados
del tratamiento quirúrgico de la enfermedad de Parkinson
en la Unidad de Neurocirugía Funcional, Estereotaxia y
Radiocirugía, del Hospital General de México en el
período de 1992 a 2009. Rev Mex Neuroci
2010;11(1):20-25.

Swinn L, Schrag A, Viswanathan R, Bloem BR, Lees A,
Quinn N. Sweating dysfunction in Parkinson"s disease. Mov Disord
2003; 18: 1459-63.

Una, D., En, E., Siglo, E. L., & Díaz, R. S.
(2004). Otras demencias neurodegenerativas, LXVII,
10–12.

Valldeoriola F, Iranzo de Riquer A. Trastornos del
sueño y fatiga en la enfermedad de Parkinson. En
Martinez-Martin P, Sanchez-Andres JV, eds. Trastornos no motores
en la enfermedad de Parkinson. Barcelona: Viguera; 2009. p.
189-207.

Virues-Ortega J, Rodriguez-Blazquez C, Micheli F,
Carod-Artal FJ, Serrano-Duenas M, Martinez-Martin P.
Cross-cultural evaluation of the modified Parkinson Psychosis
Rating Scale across disease stages. Mov Disord 2010; 25:
1391-8.

Waters CH. Complications of Parkinson´s disease
and its therapy. En Diagnosis and Management of
Parkinson´s disease. Ed. Cheryl C Waters.. 2002;
135-165.

Weaver FM, Follet K, Stern M et al. Bilateral deep brain
stimulation vs best medical therapy for patients with advanced
Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2009;301
(1):63-73.

Nutt JG, Woodward WR. Levodopa pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics in fluctuating parkinsonian
patients. Neurology 1986; 36:
739-44.

Contin M, Riva R, Albani F, Baruzzi A. Pharmacokinetic
optimization in the treatment of Parkinson's
disease. Clin Pharmacokinet 1996; 30:
463

Autor:

Arévalo R, L. F.1

1Facultad de Ciencias, Programa de
Biología, Universidad del Tolima. Tolima,
Colombia.